Use of Various Textile Chemicals in Textile Industry



The clothes and outfits which you are currently wearing are most probably processed by chemicals in the manufacturing and production process. The fabric in raw form is pretty infirm, dull coloured which can not be used as it is in the final products where it is intended to be used. The clothes manufactured from this fabric would not be durable at all. This is where textile chemicals come into play. These haveproperties to enhance the physical properties of the fabrics, which later become textiles.

Textile fabrics are of various types with specific chemicals involved. Fabrics are obtained from different sources which may be natural or synthetic ways. Further these fabrics go through chemical processes to unlock their properties suitable for the clothes and apparels which would inculcate the use of those textiles.


The types of textile fiber are as follows:-


  • Natural Fibers As the name suggests, these fibers are obtained from the nature like from plants, animals and even vegetables. The plus point of nature made fibers is that these are biodegradable thus not harming the environment when disposed off carelessly. 

  • Man-made Fibers - Also known as synthetic fibers, these are produced in a manufacturing process which involves the use of petrochemicals, polyester, acrylic and nylon. Just as other non-renewable resources, petrochemicals are deficient in nature and over use of it can result in extinction of this resource.


Textile chemicals used during the textile have different functions and purposes. Some of the processes or stages where chemicals are used in the textile manufacturing are -

  1. Mercerizing Agents

This method is used to prevent or stop the textile from turning yellowish or a yellow tint. This process improves the properties of the fabric like its strength, luster and resistance to shrinking. The chemical which does all this is sodium hydroxide also commonly known as caustic soda. Mercerizing agents are generally applied to cotton.

  1. Peroxide Stabilizers

The method is used for bleaching the textile and making the textile free from impurities.This is achieved by the oxidizing power of hydrogen peroxide. Bleaching means reverting the original colour of the fabric to white. Stabilizers whiten the fabric free from any colours or more precisely, from its original colour. This all is achieved by sodium citrate which has the chemical properties to pull out the colours of the fabric and make it white.

  1. Neutralizers

Neutralizers are chemical substances which cancel out the acid and alkali contents in the fabrics. The acid contents maybe harmful in the final product of the textile, thus better to remove it there itself in the manufacturing process. Acids are indeed required in the dyeing process but the alkali content is to be remove as to not pose threats afterwards.

  1. Textile Dyeing

Dyes provide the required colour to the fibres, fabrics or yarn. No cloth can be of exactly similar colour right? Dye gives different colours to different fabrics. Dyes are both naturally and man made. Natural dyes are obtained from plants, animals and minerals whereas man made are the ones made by synthetic chemicals. The dyes are permanently fused with the fibre and remain permanent. Dyeing chemicals include urea, caustic and soda ash.

  1. Printing Chemicals

These chemicals obtain and maintain the accurate print designs. These basically act as borders which prevents the dye prints to fall off to the other places where that particular colour is not even required. 
Chemicals are an integral part of the textile industry. Similarly, the import and export of textile chemicals has grown continuously. India is a major player in the export of textile chemicals, it currently has a record of exporting it to over 127 countries. Also B2B portals are perfect for the export. Various manufacturers, suppliers, exporters of textile chemicals have registered with Global Trade Bazaar to find the customers and grow their businesses. Now coming to the volume, the total export volume of textile chemicals was 549463718 worth $817.7 million.

 

 

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